Kuyanika Mpweya Wotentha Komanso Kuyanika Kotentha Kwambiri

Mu zowumitsira zowumitsira zotenthetsera ndi bedi lokhazikikampweya wowuma wotentha umalowa mumbewu zambiri zomwe zimalowetsamo, zimadutsa mumbewuzo pamene zimamwetsa madzi ndikutuluka m'munda wambewuyo. Njere panjira imauma msanga chifukwa m'menemo mpweya wowumitsa umakhala ndi mphamvu zambiri zokomera madzi. Chifukwa cha bedi losazama komanso kuchuluka kwa mpweya wa mpweya, kuyanika kumachitika m'magulu onse a tirigu, koma mofulumira kwambiri polowera komanso pang'onopang'ono potulukira (onani zowumitsa zokhotakhota patebulo).

Zotsatira zake, chinyontho chimayamba, chomwe chimakhalabe kumapeto kwa kuyanika. Kuyanika kwa mbeu kumayimitsidwa pamene chinyezi cha mbeu (zitsanzo zotengedwa poumitsa mpweya wolowera ndi kuumitsa mpweya) zimakhala zofanana ndi zomwe zimafunidwa. Mbewu zikatsitsidwa ndikudzazidwa m'matumba mbewu zamtundu uliwonse zimafanana kutanthauza kuti mbewu zonyowa zimatulutsa madzi omwe mbewu zowumitsira zimakomera kuti pakapita nthawi njere zonse zikhale ndi MC yofanana.

Kunyowetsanso mbewu zowumitsira, komabe, kumapangitsa kuti mbewuzo ziphwanyike pogaya. Izi zikufotokozera chifukwa chake mphero ndi kubweza mpunga wa tirigu zouma muzowumitsira bedi zokhazikika sizili bwino. Njira imodzi yochepetsera chinyontho poyanika ndi kusakaniza njere mu bin yowumitsa pakadutsa 60-80% ya nthawi yowumitsa.

Mu otsika kutentha kuyanikaCholinga cha dryer management ndi kusunga RH ya drying air pa equilibrium jamaa humidity (ERH) yogwirizana ndi chinyezi chomaliza chomwe chimafunidwa chambewu, kapena equilibrium moisutre content (EMC). Zotsatira za kutentha ndizochepa poyerekeza ndi RH (Table 2).

Ngati mwachitsanzo MC yomaliza ya 14% ikufunidwa munthu ayenera kuyang'ana RH ya mpweya wowuma pafupifupi 75%. Pochita mpweya wozungulira ungagwiritsidwe ntchito masana m'nyengo yachilimwe. Usiku komanso nthawi yamvula, kutentha pang'ono kwa mpweya wozungulira ndi 3-6ºK ndikokwanira kutsitsa RH kukhala milingo yoyenera.

Mpweya wowumitsa umalowa m'nthaka yochuluka pa malo olowera ndipo pamene ukuyenda mkati mwa tirigu umawumitsa njere zonyowa mpaka mpweya utadzaza. Pamene kuyamwa madzi mpweya kuzirala ndi madigiri angapo. Panjira yake yopitilira mumbewu zambiri mpweya sungathe kuyamwa madzi ochulukirapo, chifukwa umakhala wodzaza kale, koma umatenga kutentha kopangidwa ndi kupuma, tizilombo ndi kukula kwa fungal ndipo motero kumalepheretsa kutentha kwa gawo lambewu lomwe likadali lonyowa. Kutsogolo kowuma kozama masentimita angapo kumakula ndipo pang'onopang'ono kumayenda molowera kotulukira ndikusiya njere zouma. Pambuyo kuyanika kutsogolo kumachoka mbewu zambiri zowumitsa zatha. Kutengera ndi chinyezi choyambirira, kuchuluka kwa mpweya, kuzama kwambewu ndi kuyanika kwa mpweya, izi zitha kutenga masiku asanu mpaka milungu ingapo.

Njira yowumitsa kutentha pang'ono ndi yofatsa kwambiri ndipo imapanga khalidwe labwino kwambiri ndikusunga kumera kwakukulu. Popeza kuti mpweya wochepa kwambiri umagwiritsidwa ntchito (0.1 m / s) ndipo kutentha kusanayambe kwa mpweya wowumitsa sikofunikira nthawi zonse, mphamvu yeniyeni yamagetsi imakhala yochepa kwambiri pakati pa machitidwe onse owumitsa. Kuyanika kwa kutentha pang'ono kumalimbikitsidwa ngati gawo lachiwiri kuyanika paddy ndi MC osaposa 18%. Kafukufuku wa IRRI wasonyeza kuti posamalira mosamala zowumitsa zowumitsira, ngakhale mbewu zongokololedwa kumene zokhala ndi MC ya 28% zitha kuwumitsidwa bwino pagawo limodzi lowumitsa kutentha pang'ono ngati kuzama kwakukulu kuli kochepa mpaka 2m ndipo kuthamanga kwa mpweya ndi osachepera 0.1 m/s. Komabe, m'maboma ambiri omwe akutukuka kumene, komwe kulephera kwamagetsi kumakhala kofala, zimakhala pachiwopsezo chachikulu choyika mbewu zambiri zachinyontho popanda kuyika magetsi kuti aziyendetsa mafani.