Kodi Kutentha Kwabwino Kwambiri Koyanika Chimanga Mu Chowumitsira Chimanga Ndi Chiyani?

Kutentha kwabwino kwa chimanga kuyanika mu chowumitsira chimanga.

N'chifukwa chiyani kutentha kwachowumitsira tirigukulamuliridwa?

Ku Heilongjiang, China, kuyanika ndi gawo lofunika kwambiri posungira chimanga. Pakadali pano, makampani ambiri osungira mbewu m'chigawo cha Heilongjiang amagwiritsa ntchito nsanja zowumitsa ngati makina owumitsa chimanga. Komabe, njira zowumitsa ndi zina zakunja nthawi zambiri zimakhudza mtundu wa chimanga. Choyamba, mapangidwe a nsanja yowumitsa ndi osamveka, zomwe zimayambitsa ngodya zakufa m'chipinda chowumitsa kumene chimanga chimatenthedwa, zomwe zimapangitsa kuyanika kosagwirizana; chachiwiri, mmene chimanga chimalowera ndi kutuluka chikhoza kuwononga mosavuta chimangacho; chachitatu, kuyanika zimakupiza alipochowumitsira chimanganthawi zambiri amayamwa mpweya wotentha kwambiri komanso amawotcha mupaipi, amawotcha chimanga, amatulutsa mbewu zowotchedwa, ndipo amakhudza mtundu wa chimanga; Chachinayi, nsanja yowumitsa yomwe ilipo nthawi zambiri imawotcha malasha aiwisi panthawi yowumitsa. Ambiri mwa makala aiwisi amenewa sanachiritsidwe mwanjira iliyonse. Akawotchedwa m’ng’anjo yowotchedwa ndi manja kapena m’ng’anjo yowotchedwa ndi makina, mpweya wotentha kwambiri umaipitsa chimangacho.

Zotsatira za kuumitsa pakukula kwa chimanga

Cholinga chachikulu cha kuyanika ndikuchepetsa chinyezi cha chimanga munthawi yake kuti chisungidwe bwino. Muchimanga kuyanika ndondomeko, chimanga sichimangochotsa chinyezi chochuluka, komanso chimawononga khalidwe lachibadwa la chimanga pamlingo wina. Zigawo zazikulu za chimanga ndi wowuma, mapuloteni ndi mafuta. Pamene kuyanika kutentha kwambiri, wowuma ndi mapuloteni adzakhala gelatinize ndi denature, motero kutaya choyambirira zakudya. Choncho, kuwongolera kutentha kwa chimanga n'kofunika kwambiri kuti chimanga chikhale bwino.

Impact pa wowuma

Wowuma mu chimanga ndi 60% mpaka 70%, ndipo wowuma amapangidwa ndi ma granules owuma amitundu yosiyanasiyana. Nthawi zambiri, wowuma sasungunuka m'madzi ozizira koma amasungunuka m'madzi otentha. Wowuma adzatupa atasungunuka m'madzi. Kusintha sikukuwonekera pansi pa 57 ° C. Kutentha kumapitirira 57 ° C, makamaka pamene kutentha kwakuya kuli kwakukulu kwambiri, wowuma wa chimanga akhoza gelatinize (mawonekedwe apsa), kapangidwe kake kadzasintha, kukhuthala kwa nthunzi kumachepa, sikophweka kupanga mpira, kukoma kwake kudzasintha. kutayika pamene kudyedwa, kukoma kudzasiyana, ndipo padzakhala chithunzi chomata, zomwe zimapangitsa kuchepa kwa khalidwe la chimanga.

Kukhudza mapuloteni ndi michere

Mapuloteni omwe ali mu chimanga ndi pafupifupi 11%. Ndi hydrophilic colloid yokhala ndi kutentha kwakukulu. Chimanga chimatha kutentha kwambiri, ndipo mphamvu yake yotengera madzi ndi kutupa idzachepa. Kutentha kwapamwamba, kumapangitsanso kuchuluka kwa denaturation. Kutentha kuyenera kuyendetsedwa mosamalitsa panthawi yowumitsa, yomwe ndi chinsinsi cha kusunga khalidwe lamvula. Enzyme ndi mapuloteni apadera. Chimanga ndi njere komanso chamoyo. Njira zake zonse zama biochemical zimasinthidwa ndikuyendetsedwa ndi ma enzyme osiyanasiyana. Ntchito ya michere kumawonjezeka ndi kuwonjezeka kutentha. Komabe, kutentha kukapitilira 55 ℃, ntchito ya ma enzyme imayamba kuchepa. Ngati kutentha kukupitilirabe, enzyme imatha kusokoneza ndipo ntchito yake idzawonongeka.

Zotsatira pa mafuta

Mafuta a chimanga sasintha kwambiri pansi pa 50 ℃. Ngati kutentha kuli pamwamba pa 60 ℃, mafutawo amakhala owopsa chifukwa cha okosijeni ndipo mafutawo amawola kukhala mafuta acids. Kutentha kwakukulu kowumitsa kumawonjezera kuchuluka kwa mafuta a chimanga. Chimanga chokhala ndi mafuta ambiri amtengo wapatali sichosavuta kusunga, ndipo kukoma kumakhala kowawasa ndipo khalidwe limachepetsedwa.

Impact pa cellulose

Cellulose ndi polysaccharide yofunika kwambiri mu chimanga. Ulusi wa chimanga chouma umachepa ndi kuchuluka kwa digiri yowumitsa, chifukwa kutentha kwambiri kumatulutsa chiwopsezo, ulusi umachepa, ndipo ulusi wina umasinthidwa kukhala furfural. Chifukwa chake, mumakampani a mowa, kuwongolera ma maso otenthedwa kumakhala kolimba, chifukwa furfural yomwe imapangidwa m'maso otenthedwa imachepetsa kuchuluka kwa okosijeni wa zinthu zoledzeretsa komanso kukhudza mtundu wa mowa.

Kukhudza mavitamini

Mavitamini omwe ali mu chimanga ndi monga A, B, E, D ndi C. Kutentha kukapitirira 50℃, mavitamini E, B ndi C amasintha. Choncho, kutentha kwa kuyanika kuyenera kuyendetsedwa panthawi yowumitsa. Ngati kutentha kuli kwakukulu, mavitamini adzawonongedwa ndi kutentha kwakukulu.

Zokhudza maonekedwe abwino

Zochita zawonetsa kuti kutentha kwambewu pansi pa 50 ℃ kumakhala ndi zotsatira zochepa pa mtundu ndi kukoma kwa chimanga; pamene kutentha kwa tirigu kuli pakati pa 50 ndi 60 ℃, mtundu wa chimanga umakhala wopepuka ndipo fungo loyambirira limachepetsedwa kwambiri; Kutentha kwa mbewu kukakhala pamwamba pa 60 ℃, chimanga chimayamba imvi ndikutaya kutsekemera kwake koyambirira. Ngati kutentha kwa kuyanika sikukuyendetsedwa bwino panthawi yowumitsa, mbewu zambiri zowotcha zimapangidwa, kapena chinyezi cha mbewu zina chimakhala chochepa kwambiri, zomwe zimapangitsa kuti chimanga chiphwanyike panthawi yoyendetsa kapena kutumiza, kuwonjezera kuchuluka kwa njere zopanda ungwiro, ndi kusalolera kusungirako, zomwe zimakhudza ubwino wa chimanga.